Premature , pre-chew , or nursing kiss is the act of chewing food for the purpose of physically splitting it to feed others unable to chew their own food. This is often done by the mother or relative of the baby to produce baby food that can be consumed by the child during the weaning process. Chewed food in the form of bolus is transferred from the mouth of one individual to another, either directly to the mouth, through equipment, hands, or subsequently cooked or processed before being fed.
This behavior is common throughout human history and society and is observed in non-human animals. While pracastication is less common in Western societies today it is commonly practiced, and is still practiced in more traditional cultures. Although the health benefits of premastication are still actively studied, this practice seems to provide certain nutritional and immunological benefits to infants, provided that caregivers are healthy and not infected by pathogens.
Video Premastication
Root behavior
Premastication and mouth-to-mouth feeding in humans postulated has evolved from the regurgitation of food from parent to descent or male to female (dating to eat) and has been observed in many mammals and animals of other species. For example, the behavior of food beggars observed in young wolves, stray dogs and certain species of seagulls, involving young people approaching the mouth or mouth of adults with their mouths gaping or nuzzling them, adults will spit out portions of food to give eat young. However, in the animals mentioned earlier, nuzzling behavior and other types of mouth-to-mouth contact are also used for bonding, socializing, and courting.
In apes
Young orangutans also ask for food with the contact and therefore their caregivers vomit it to feed them. Indeed, mouth-to-mouth behavior that feeds on dipuridantik foods and a ritualized mouth-to-mouth relationship has been observed in anthropoid great apes such as gorillas, orangutans and chimpanzees. All of this supports the idea that human behavior kisses and feeds pramastication foods, either directly or indirectly from the mouth, has their root behavior on higher animals and great apes of ancestors.
Human kiss precursors
In all human cultures pracastication/kiss-eating or kissing between mother and infant has been observed with a kiss that is believed to be a form of socially-perceived food feeding. There is a high similarity in the execution of human kisses and kisses (eg French kisses); in the former, the tongue is used to encourage food from mother to child with the child receiving food and the mother tongue in a sucking motion, and the latter simply forgiving the discipled meal. In fact, observations in various species and cultures confirm that kissing and premastication actions are likely to evolve from similar eating-based eating behaviors.
Maps Premastication
History and culture
Written records of pramastication have been found in Ancient Egypt, although the practice probably extends back to prehistoric times for non-human ancestors. For example, in the Egyptian Ancient Egyptian Ebers medical papyrus, a mother is instructed to give a medication to a child through premastication. In the 5th century AD, Roman culture, practicing infant feeding by caregivers was also common, although lack of sanitation along with practice contributed to infant mortality. Babies in medieval Europe were fed a variety of soft foods or bread, softened with liquids.
Due to attitudes in Western medicine in the 1940s and 1950s, Indigenous cultures and communities of America and Fiji were strictly prohibited from premastication due to concerns about hygiene practices. However, lack of knowledge about premastication and its ban by missionaries and doctors instead causes severe anemia in infant population, or causes infants and children who are malnourished to lack food.
Though less prevalent in modern post-industrial Western society, rejuvenated food offerings to babies are found in many traditional cultures and offer many benefits to the baby. In North America, premastication is still commonly used by Black and Hispanic mothers, and is commonly used by Inuit and Aleut women.
In many human cultures, premastication and direct mouth-to-mouth treatment is associated with showing affection, known as eating kiss. In the Manus culture of the Admiralty Islands, premastication has been used by a woman to remind the children and descendants of their duty to her. Some human cultures such as the Papuans of New Guinea actually use mouth-to-mouth contact primarily to feed the food practiced, with a sexual kissing only observed after the arrival of the Europeans. This form of feeding is believed to have evolved into modern human kissing actions and French kisses.
Many Western societies have a strong aversion to prakastication, which has been compared with their similar criticism and aversion to breastfeeding in previous generations for the same reason, with similar societies finding breastfeeding an unpleasant practice conducted only by uneducated or under-educated classes an uneducated foreign culture.. For example, in the late 1800s the Texas medical community was involved in the debate on prakastication, with those who supported the practice debating its merits and those who opposed it claimed that it was "dirty and troublesome and... barbaric".
Health
Premastication action is commonly found in all societies and human populations, although it is less common in some than others. The evolution and selective advantage of precondition behavior is that of breast milk infant supplements by providing access to more macro and micro nutrients. Although the disease can be transmitted through saliva in chewed foods before, the benefits provided outweigh the risks of practice during the evolution of human behavior. Furthermore, preventing premastication as prevention of disease transmission can prove to be a catastrophic health policy for infants when breastfeeding infants were prevented in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Ultimately, the potential benefits and pitfalls of this practice are highly dependent on the state of the diet and maternal and child health. The true coverage of the benefits of premastication and its prevalence in different societies is still under active research, although there appears to be a consensus on the nutritional benefits of the practice.
See also
- Baby food
- Breastfeeding
- Hygiene hypothesis
- Kissing
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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