The Child Saving Fund , commonly known as Save the Children , is an international non-governmental organization promoting children's rights, providing assistance and helping support children in developing countries. Founded in England in 1919 to improve the lives of children through better education, health care, and economic opportunities, as well as providing emergency assistance in natural disasters, wars and other conflicts.
In addition to British organizations, there are 29 other Save the Children Alliance organizations in the Save the Children Alliance, a global network of nonprofit organizations supporting local partners and Save the Children International in more than 120 countries worldwide. Furthermore, Save the Children has been involved in other initiatives through partners such as Bernard Arnault Africa Relief (BAAR International), which operates in different parts of Kenya such as Elgeyo Marakwet, Kajiado, Homa Bay, Narok, Makueni and Machakos, as well as Southern Sudan.
Organizations promote policy change to gain more rights for young people especially by upholding the UN Declaration on the Rights of the Child. Alliance members coordinate emergency relief efforts, helping to protect children from the effects of war and violence. Save the Children has a general consultative status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations. In 2016, former Danish Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt was appointed as Chief Executive.
Video Save the Children
Origins
Save the Children Fund was founded in London, England, on April 15, 1919 by Eglantyne Jebb and his sister Dorothy Buxton in an effort to reduce the starvation of children in Germany and Austria-Hungary during the German Allied World War I blockade that continued after the Armistice.
The Fight the Famine Council originally began in 1919 to put political pressure on the British government to end the blockade, the first meeting held at Catherine Courtney's home, at 15 Cheyne Walk. However, on April 15, 1919, the Sisters managed to separate themselves from the politics of the Council and create a separate "Save the Children Fund".
In May 1919, the IMF was openly established at a meeting at the Royal Albert Hall of London to "provide assistance to children suffering from war" and raise money for emergency relief for children suffering from food shortages and wartime supplies.
In December 1919, Pope Benedict XV announced his support for Save the Children, and declared December 28 'Days Innocents' to collect donations
The first branch opened in Fife, Scotland in 1919. A colleague, RÃÆ'¤dda Barnen (meaning "Save the Children"), was founded later that year in Sweden. Together with a number of other organizations, they established the International Save the Children Union in Geneva on January 6, 1920. Jebb built excellent relationships with other Geneva-based organizations, including the Red Cross that supported the Save's International foundation.
Jebb used a lot of fund-raising techniques that broke down, making Save the Children the first charity in the UK to use advertising along the page in the newspaper. Jebb contracts doctors, lawyers and other professionals to design mass advertising campaigns. In 1920, Save the Children started sponsors of individual children as a way to involve more donors. At the end of the year, Save the Children raised the equivalent of about Ã, Â £ 8,000,000 in today's money.
Russian Famine
In August 1921, Save the Children in Britain had raised over £ 1,000,000, and conditions for children in Central Europe increased due to their efforts. However, the famine of Russia in 1921 made Jebb realize that Save the Children should be a permanent organization and that children's rights should be constantly protected. Their mission then turned into "an international effort to preserve the lives of children wherever it is threatened by conditions of economic hardship and distress".
From 1921 to 1923 Save the Children created a press campaign, propaganda film, and food center in Russia and in Turkey to feed and educate thousands of refugees. They began working with several other organizations such as the Russian Famine Relief Fund and Nansen which resulted in recognition by the League of Nations. Although Russia was largely closed for international aid and assistance, Save the Children persuaded the Soviet government to let them have a presence on the ground.
At home, the Daily Express criticized the work of the IMF, denied the harshness of the situation and argued they had to help their own people before helping Russia. The charity responded with increasing publicity about hunger, showing images of starving children and mass graves. The campaign gained national appeal, eventually allowing the organization to charter SS Torcello to Russia with a 600 ton aid supply. More than 157 million rations were distributed, thus saving nearly 300,000 children. Improvement of the condition means Save the Children's Russian meal program could be closed in the summer of 1923, having gained international recognition.
Second World War
At the end of World War II, images of malnourished and sick children spread throughout Europe. Jebb and his sister work to gain public sympathy for support. Save the Children staff were among the first to enter areas released after World War II, working with refugee children and displaced people in former occupied Europe, including those who survived Nazi concentration camps. At the same time, working in the UK focuses on improving conditions for growing children in cities destroyed by bombings and facing major disruptions in family life.
Continuing the crisis
The 1950s saw the continuation of this crisis-controlled type of work, with additional demands for assistance after the Korean War and the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, but also the opening of new jobs in Africa, Asia and the Middle East in response to the decline of the British Empire.
Like other aid agencies, Save the Children was active in major disasters of that era - notably the Vietnam War and the secession of Biafra in Nigeria. The latter brings a shocking picture of child starving to a Western television screen for the first time in a major way. The type of mass marketing campaign first used by Save the Children in 1920 was repeated, with great success in fundraising.
Disasters in Ethiopia, Sudan, and many other world hotspots lead to calls that bring large-scale public donations, and the expansion of the consequences of organizational work. However, the children's rights-based development approach originating from Jebb continues to be an important factor. It was used in a major campaign in the late 1990s against the use of child soldiers in Africa.
During the Ebola 2014 outbreak in Sierra Leone, new cases exceeded the number of hospital beds available in the country. Save the Children works with the UK Department for International Development and the Ministry of Defense to build and run a 100-bed treatment center in Sierra Leone and support the Interim Care Center at Kailahun for children who lost their families to Ebola.
Maps Save the Children
Declaration of the Rights of the Child
In 1923, Jebb wrote: "I believe we must claim certain rights for children and work for their universal recognition, so that everyone - not just a small number of people are in a position to contribute to a grant, but everyone which in any way relate to children, meaning that most of humanity - may be in a position to help advance the movement. "
Jebb made an initial draft of what would become the UN Declaration on the Rights of the Child in 1923. It contains the following five criteria:
- The child must be given the means necessary for his normal development, both materially and spiritually.
- The hungry child should be fed, the sick child should be treated, the backward child should be assisted, the naughty child must be reclaimed, and the orphan and waif must be protected and helped.
- The child should be the first to receive help when depressed.
- The child must be placed in a position to earn a living, and must be protected against any form of exploitation.
- The child must be raised in the awareness that his talents should be devoted to serving others.
These five points were adopted by the League of Nations in 1924 and are thus known as the Geneva Declaration. This is the first important statement on the rights of children separated from adults, and begins a process that will lead to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the United Nations in 1989.
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Following World War II atrocities, the UN adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. However, many felt the rights of children need to be dealt with in more detail with separate documents.
In November 1959, the UN General Assembly changed Jebb's initial criteria to produce the Declaration of the Rights of the Child. It consists of ten non-binding principles for countries to follow to work in the best interests of the child. However, this 1959 declaration is not legally binding and is merely a statement of principle and general purpose. In 1989, however, it was adopted by the UN General Assembly. On September 2, 1990 it became an international law.
The Convention consists of 54 articles covering basic human rights entitled to all children: the right to survival; maximum development; protection from harmful influence, abuse and exploitation; and full participation in family, cultural and social life. The four core principles of this Convention are non-discrimination; devotion to the best interests of the child; the right to life, survival and development; and respecting the child's view.
Today, the Convention serves as a basis for all Save the Children work. It has been ratified in every country around the world, with the exception of the United States.
Campaign
Rewrite the Future
Rewrite the Future is Save the first global children's campaign involving all 28 members of the Save the Children Alliance. Beginning in 2006, this campaign focuses on getting an equal and quality education for children who can not attend school due to conflict or war. The campaign is focused on 28 countries where highly relevant armed conflict including Afghanistan, Angola, Colombia, Ivory Coast, Democratic Republic of Congo, Haiti, Indonesia, Liberia, Nepal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Sri Lanka and Uganda.
In 2008, Save the Children exceeded its goal of raising education standards for eight million children by reaching more than 10 million.
Every One Campaign
Each One Campaign began in October 2009 as a result of the Millennium Development Goals created in 2000. The fourth goal aims to reduce child mortality by two-thirds by 2015. Save the Children works to achieve this goal through Every One Campaign and a seven-step program they stated:
- Implement a credible national plan
- Focus on the newborn
- Prioritize equally
- Mobilize additional resources
- Train and deploy more health care workers
- Dealing with malnutrition
- Increase focus on children during emergencies
Any Beat Matters
Every Beat Matters Campaign, starting in August 2012, aims to end preventable child deaths. Each year, more than 7 million children die before their fifth birthday, mostly because of preventable and treatable causes such as pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria. As part of the campaign, OneRepublic created the new song "Feel Again". The lead singer Ryan Tedder was inspired to write songs by listening to the heartbeat of needy children in remote villages in Malawi and Guatemala. The proceeds from the sale of "Feel Again" on iTunes will benefit Save the Children, who is training frontline health workers to save the lives of children around the world. In developing countries, frontline healthcare workers are often the only link to health care for children living outside the reach of hospitals and clinics. They can provide proven, life-saving services including mother and newborn care, child health, and management of chronic and contagious diseases, such as tuberculosis, AIDS and diabetes. But according to the World Health Organization, there is a global shortage of at least one million frontline health workers.
If London is Syria
In 2014 to mark the three-year anniversary of the Syrian civil war, Save the Children released a campaign video on what life might look like for British children if civil war erupts in London. The video reached over 20 million views in less than a week. Ads have been described as "powerful" and "uncomfortable".
Samantha Cameron is an ambassador for the Save the Children charity. Her husband, David Cameron, rejected calls for the British Empire to receive more refugees from Syria. In March 2013, Samantha Cameron said: "As a mother, it is terrible to hear the horrible stories of the children I meet today, no child has ever experienced what they have." With every passing day, more children and parents killed, a more innocent childhood was shattered to pieces. "
Structure and accountability
Save the Children is an international umbrella organization, with 30 national organizations serving more than 120 countries.
All members of the alliance are bound by the International Alliance the Children Alliance which includes the Protocol to Child Protection and the Code of Conduct. It sets the standard for common values, principles, and beliefs.
The Save the Children website states that member organizations work to achieve four major initiatives:
- Secure quality education for 8 million children affected by armed conflict.
- Extend and enhance its presence in countries with strategic importance.
- Create a stronger voice for children where more than one member has a program by integrating state operations.
- Become emergency response agencies for children around the world by increasing preparedness and disaster response capacity so they can provide timely and lasting repairs to children well.
Connect with another organization
Save the Children helps fund, and is assisted by the funds collected by, the British wish-making scheme, Will Aid, in which participating attorneys abandon their regular fees for writing basic wills and in exchange invite clients to donate to charities. Save the Children is working with other NGOs in Family Tracing and Reunification.
Controversy
Movie Save the Children Fund
In 1969, Save the Children UK commissioned film director Ken Loach and producer Tony Garnett to create The Save the Children Fund Film. The resulting film can not be accepted by the organization because they feel it is presenting their work in an unfavorable light. Finally there is a legal agreement involving material stored in the National Film Archive. In 2011, approximately 42 years later, it was shown to the public for the first time in decades.
Expulsion from Pakistan
In July 2011, a fake vaccination program by the CIA opened its cover. Then it emerged that Dr. Shakil Afridi, the man who organized the "vaccination" of the CIA, has claimed that he is a Save the Children employee. In May 2012, Save the Children state director for Pakistan, David Wright, revealed that the work of the organization has been severely disrupted since Afridi made his claims, with long-lasting drugs at the airport, staff unable to obtain visas, and so on. etc. Wright also alleges that the CIA has violated international humanitarian law and is risking the safety of aid groups around the world. "It's a setback, no doubt," said Dr. Elias Durry, polio coordinator of the World Organization for Pakistan, a few months later. Later that year, in September, it was reported that the Pakistani government had asked Save the Children abroad staff to leave the country. In January 2013, the Dean of twelve US public health schools sent a letter to President Obama protesting the entanglement of intelligence operations in a public health campaign. The letter illustrates the negative and lasting impact of the use of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of a fake vaccination campaign in Pakistan during the hunt for Osama bin Laden in 2011, exacerbating public distrust of the vaccine in the country.
The CIA's "vaccination program" triggered a series of deadly attacks on Pakistan against dozens of aid and health workers linked to the polio eradication campaign, with UN-backed polio vaccination drives repeatedly stopped as a result. In May 2014, the Obama administration announced that it would no longer use the vaccination program as a cover for CIA activities.
Pakistani investigators said in a July 2012 report that Dr. Shakil Afridi met 25 times with "foreign secret agents, received instructions and gave them sensitive information." According to a preliminary draft of the Government of Pakistan report, which Afridi has not released publicly, Afridi told investigators that Save the Children's charity helped facilitate his meeting with US intelligence agencies even though the charity denies the allegations. The report alleges that Save the Children Pakistan's director at the time of the incident introduced Afridi to a western woman in Islamabad and that Afridi and the woman met regularly thereafter.
The claim that the Country Director of Save the Children has introduced Afridi to the woman is not credible, since the Director of the State concerned has left Pakistan permanently long before the alleged meeting took place. The allegations did not appear in the draft of the next report, although the document has not been released publicly.
On June 11, 2015, the Pakistani authorities ordered all Save the Children workers to leave Pakistan within 15 days, and the organization's office in Islamabad was closed and locked. Awards
to Tony Blair by the head of Save the Children USA
In 2014, Tony Blair was given the Global Legacy Award from Children by the United States charity leadership at a dinner in New York. An angry letter condemning the award was signed by more than 500 Save the Children staff, who said it was "morally reprehensible" and jeopardized the credibility of the organization. The episode raises questions about the relationship between those who have rewarded and those close to Blair.
Brendan Cox's executive quit after a women's complaint about' inappropriate behavior '
In November 2015, Mail Online reported that Chief Strategist Brendan Cox resigned in September on allegations of 'inappropriate behavior'. Mr. Cox, who is the director of policy and advocacy, left after the female staff members made a complaint about him.
Cox previously denied making a mistake but eventually admitted inappropriate behavior on 18 February 2018 and stopped working for two other charities.
Justin Forsyth's charity boss resigned from Unicef ​​â € <â € <
On February 22, 2018, former Save the Children chief executive Justin Forsyth resigned from UNICEF to avoid "damage" to the charity. Three complaints of inappropriate behavior to Mr. Forsyth when he worked at Save the Children.
Jalalabad terror attack
On January 24, 2018, militants affiliated with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant - Khorasan Province launched a bomb and weapon attack to the Save the Children office in Jalalabad, a town in eastern Nangarhar province, killing six people and injuring 27 others.
See also
- Children's interest (rhetoric)
- Child Development Index
- Save International Children
- Save the Children Australia
- Save USA Children
- Saving Children's Country Reports in Mother's World
- International Save the Children Union
- Declaration of the Rights of the Child
- Convention on the Rights of the Child
- UNICEF
- NetHope
- Christmas Jumper Day
- Odisha State Child Protection Institute
- Children in an emergency and conflict
- Gopali Youth Welfare Society
- Refugee Children
- Excess human population
References
Further reading
- Lynda Mahood, Vic Satzewich, "The Save the Children and the Famine of Russia 1921-23: Claims and Counter-Claim on Feeding 'Bolshevik Children'," Journal of Sociology of History 22.1 (2009), 55-83.
- Clare Mulley, "Women Who Save Kids: Biography Eglantyne Jebb, Founder of Save the Children" (Oneworld Publications, 2009) ISBN 9781851686575
- Rory O'Keeffe The Toss of a Coin: "the voice of the modern crisis" . Hygge Media. September 22, 2015. ISBN: 9780993272905.
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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