Composite baseball bat , as opposed to an aluminum or wood bat, incorporates a reinforced carbon fiber polymer, or composite, into a bat's construction. This composite material can compose all or part of the bat. Bats made entirely of polymers are referred to as composite bats. Bats that merely combine a portion of the polymer (and the rest either wood or aluminum alloys) are referred to as composite hybrid bats. This composite material provides advantages over aluminum and wood alloys in durability, weight distribution, enhanced trampoline effect, and higher damping rates (to reduce hand sting).
Composite bats can also be built to enhance their trampoline effect over time. The advantage, which is an enhanced trampoline effect during the rest period, puts the use of composite bats under further NCAA supervision during the 2009 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament. Composite bats, which were tested after they went bankrupt, showed a performance standard well beyond the ratio of ball out rate (BESR) received.
As a result, a new standard, known as the bond-ball rally coefficient (BBCOR), is enacted in 2011 that requires acceleration of period turnover and testing to measure the effects of trampoline from composite bats. Because of the new restrictions on the NCAA composite baseball bat hit production has been felt dampened.
Video Composite baseball bat
History
Composite bats have been around since the early 1980s for use in slow-pitch softball. Notably, Louisville Slugger developed a slow-pitch bat that was awarded the best performance in the 2001 Bat Wars. Miken responded in 2002 by developing their own composite softball bat. Although composite materials are only historically used in slow-pitch and softball, this technology has appeared in small leagues, high schools and baseball colleges as early as 2000. Baum Bat invented the 1st composite wood bat in 1991 in partnership with Major League Baseball.
Maps Composite baseball bat
Design
The design of a composite bat depends on which league is suitable for play. Composite bats are used in a number of different leagues. Most Small League programs have set rules on composite bats. The high school (NFHS) and Collegiate games are organized under the BBCOR standard. Metal or combined bats are not allowed in MLB or its affiliates. MLB or affiliates for short season and rookie ball allows multiple composite wood bats. The example of a wooden bat approved by MLB is Baum Bat.
To be fit to play in the BBCOR league (NCAA, NFHS, etc.), For example, composite bats must meet certain requirements. Many of these requirements are similar to aluminum or their wooden counterparts. For example, the ratio of weight to length, known as a decrease (in inches long - weight in ounces), should be equal to three negatives. That is, bats with a length of 33 inches must have a weight of 30 ounces. Furthermore, no bat bat diameter, at any point, can be larger than 2 5/8 inches. For composite bat there is additional supervision. In particular, the effects of a rebound rate or trampoline, after an accelerated rest period, must remain below certain requirements.
Little League International has a different standard for composite bat bats in its leagues. Composite bats must meet an accelerated break standard set by the Baseball USA organization and stamped with the official USA Baseball logo. Another bat dimension equals the need for wood and aluminum alloy (length, barrel diameter, etc.).
Disadvantages
When it comes to bat performance there is very little loss in the use of composite bats. The most important concern is use in cold temperatures. Polymers used in composite bats can be susceptible to cracks if used in cold temperatures.
Player security is another matter altogether. In December 2010, Little League Baseball announced a moratorium on the use of composite bats because of concerns about the safety of young players. Increasing the speed of a hit ball from a bat designed with a composite material introduces an increased risk for the principals and especially to the pitcher. For several years, the Little League independently tested a composite bat and published an approved bats list. Starting in 2018, the Little League, along with most other young baseball leagues, has switched to the ASABat standard, which like BBCOR for lighter heavy bats, guarding the trampoline effect under what the Little League Baseball consider as a safe level. Several young baseball leagues have not yet adopted the ASABat standard, staying with the older USSSA BPF 1.15 older standard with the old high school standard, and allowing bats with a much higher trampoline effect.
Benefits
There are many advantages to using a composite baseball bat. As has been noted in the recent slow-pitch softball, composite bats have outperformed standard aluminum bats. There are five main advantages to using composite bats: swing weight, trampoline effect, bending stiffness, bend vibration, and sound.
Swing Weight
The heavy swing of the baseball bat is related to how heavy the bat "feels" when swinging. Swing weights are measured around specific pivot points along the bat. Once the pivot point is determined (usually 6 inches for the baseball bat) the bat's balance point, the total weight and the amount of time it takes for the bats to swing from side to side like the pendulum is used to determine the 'swing weight', or, as some call it, the moment of mass inertia.
Bat producers can adjust the weight of the composite bat swing by changing how the weight is distributed along the bat. Composite bats can control their swing weight (through weight distribution) more effectively than aluminum and wood because the composite material is lighter and easier to manipulate.
Trampoline effect
The trampoline effect, which is a common term for baseball players, is a phenomenon when baseball "jumps" off the bat when in touch. Bat-spat collisions can be shown from elastic collision physics. The harder the bat barrel, the slower the baseball comes off the bat because of the energy loss in a collision. The softer the bat barrel, the faster the baseball comes off the bat as it retains the energy applied by the pitcher. Trampoline effects have been tested experimentally, and the results show that composite bats outperform aluminum bats. The reason why composite bats outperform other aluminum bats is that the trampoline effect can basically be "tuned." Composite materials have different properties in all directions, or anisotropy, which allows bat producers to design rigid bats longitudinally (along the handle) and more gently in a circle (around the barrel). This softer solution allows the ball to loose with less energy loss while maintaining stick stiffness in the handle.
Vibration
Footballers often experience "sting" in their hands caused by vibrations when the ball is not in contact with the sweet point of the bat. This vibration frequency across the bat is related to bending stiffness. Daniel A. Russell of Kettering University has shown that standard aluminum bats have high bending rigidity that produces vibration frequencies in ranges where most of the hands are sensitive; therefore, cause more sting. He also has shown that composite materials can decrease this bending rigidity without sacrificing other benefits.
Including a lower bending stiffness, composite baseball bats have higher damping rates. The degree of damping relates to how quickly the material reduces the vibration experienced. Russell also stated that composite bat has a damping rate between 2 to 10 times more than standard aluminum bats. Therefore, many footballers refer to a composite bat because it is more forgiving because if they do not make contact with the ball in the sweet spot, they will not feel the shock of the missed attack.
Future prospects
For a time, the future of composite baseball bats at the college level was questionable. On July 22, 2009, the NCAA reported that the rules committee had requested to ban the use of composite bats. NCAA Playing Rules Oversight Panel found that 20 of the 25 composite bats tested during the 2009 NCAA Division 1 Baseball Tournament failed the BESR exam (Ball Exit Speed ​​Ratio). The test showed that the ball actually came out of the bat much faster than the allowed specifications. Because bats must pass the BESR specifications in the factory before reaching the market, there are two possible hypotheses. One shows that the performance of composite bats increases with repeated use; other countries that players deliberately change composite bats. The most common method for changing composite bats is through bat bats, where a large amount of pressure is applied, in various ways, while rotating bats back and forth. The Rules Committee met on August 17, 2009, to discuss their proposals with producers, and on August 24, the NCAA Play Rules Watch Panel approved a temporary ban on composite bats. During this temporary ban, the rules committee will continue to test bats to determine whether performance is improved through repeated use, or if deliberate changes appear to make more sense. Currently, the NCAA requires that all composite bats meet BBCOR standards. See the Design section above for details.
On December 30, 2010, Small League officials announced a moratorium on the use of bats in all divisions and during the Small League World Series. Several manufacturers of composite bats then obtained the approval of Little League International for certain composite bats.
On January 1, 2018, USA Baseball adopted a new bat standard. For Little League, Pony, Cal Ripken, Babe Ruth, Dixie, and AABC, the new 2018 bat must be approved and show Cap Bat USA 2018. Diameter 2 5/8 barrels is now available to play but parents should expect young bat their kids to perform on "wood-like levels", and similar to BBCOR for lighter weight bats. USA Baseball has repeatedly stated that the Standard of the US Bats is for the advancement of the sport as it will uphold the "long-term integrity of the game" with injury and the financial benefits of not playing a role in the decision. Several leagues and tournaments continue to allow the older USSSA 1.15 BPF bat that has a much higher trampoline effect and is more akin to an old BESR bat that is no longer allowed in high school and NCAA.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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