At least 4.5-4.6 million Americans are bitten by dogs every year and, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 20 to 30 of these produce deaths. In the list, the attribution of the breed is assigned by the source.
Video Fatal dog attacks in the United States
Existing research
There are limited studies of the number of human deaths caused by dogs in the United States, and the number of deaths attributed is difficult to validate or cross-compare with other research results because:
- the study depending on the survey news report may not find all the relevant news
- different studies use different data collection methodologies and evaluation criteria Breed identification
- requires subjective evaluation based on observations of external physical attributes on improper breed standards.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association: 2000-2009
The latest study of the epidemiology of a fatal dog bite in the United States was published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association in 2013. While previous studies are based on television and newspaper reports, this is the first study based on legal reports, reports of animal controls, and the statement of the investigator. It identifies the factors that can be prevented in a fatal incident. They found that the most common causative factor was: the absence of an able-bodied person to intervene, no victim's close association with the dog, the failure of the neutral dog owner, the ability to compromise the victim to interact appropriately with the dog (eg mental disability), dogs kept away from normal human positive interactions versus family dogs (eg dogs chained in the backyard), previous dog owner's mistakes, and a history of abuse or abandonment of the owner's dog. Furthermore, they found that in 80% of incidents, 4 or more of the above factors occurred together.
The authors found that in a large number of DBRFs there were conflicts between different media sources that reported breeds and/or conflicts between media and animal control reports relative to reporting breeds. For 401 dogs described in various DBRF media accounts, media sources reported attribution of conflicting breeds for 124 dogs (30.9%); and where there are media reports and animal surveillance reports (346 dogs), there is a conflicting breed attribution for 139 dogs (40.2%)
According to this study, reliable verification of dog breeds is possible only in 18% of incidents.
Wilderness Wilderness & amp; Environmental Medicine: 1979-2005
The 27-year study collected data from the CDC Wide-Ranging OnLine Data for the Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) program. It sees cases where the cause of death according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code is dog bites. It does not include secondary deaths due to infection from bites. During the 27 years, the study found 504 deaths from dog bites. They estimate that there are likely many additional deaths due to dog bites that are not reported by the WONDER CDC program.
They found that most of the victims were male (58.1%). Alaska is by far the largest per capita incident in 11.83 deaths per 10 million population. The other states range from 0 to 2.56 deaths per 10 million population. The majority of victims (55.6%) were less than 10 years old. Regarding the race of victims, they found that 14.3% of the victims were blacks, despite the fact that only 3% of the owners were black dogs. 2005 had the most attacks during the study, with 33 deaths. 2003 had at most 32, reflecting the fact that the human and dog population increased during the study period.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 1979-1998
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published a study in 2000 about dog bite deaths (DBRF) covering 1979-1998. The report concluded that relying on media coverage of casualties related to dog bites provides a biased view of the dogs involved. They claim that media reports may only cover about 74% of actual incidents and that dog attacks involving certain breeds may be more likely to receive media coverage. They also report that because breed identification is difficult and subjective, attacks may be more likely to "be considered to be from a breed with a reputation for aggression".
The study found reports of 327 people who were killed by dogs over a 20-year period. Some breed information is available for 238 (73%) of casualties. Of the 227 incidents with relevant data, 133 (58%) were unrestricted dogs and in the owner's property; 55 (24%) out of owner property; 38 (17%) are restricted dogs in the property of their owners; and only one (less than 1%) is curbed from the owner's property.
This study defines dog attacks as "human deaths caused by dog-bitten trauma". Not included in the study were deaths from diseases caused by dog ​​bites, strangulation on scarves or ropes drawn by dogs, heart attacks or traffic accidents, and injuries or bites of fire ants driven by dogs. The study also excluded four traumatized deaths from dog bites by police dogs or guard dogs employed by the government.
The study found that Pit bull and Rottweilers alone accounted for 67% of deaths, but there were also some Bullmastiff, Boxers, Bull Terrier, Great Danes, St. Bernards, Rhodesian Ridgeback, bulldogs, and Newfoundland.
Worker dogs, however, are also often involved, mostly German Shepherds and Doberman Pinschers, but there are also some shepherds, including shepherds and Australian Collies, and one identified as just "shepherd".
The Spitz and Primitive dogs consist of a substantial minority, including some Chow Chows; genuine Japanese dog (mostly Akita Inus); and dog sled type: Huskies, Malamutes and others. One incident involved Basenji.
Wolfdogs killed 14 people during the study period, and dogs identified only as "mixed descendants" or "unknown" killed 15. Deaths of wolfdog, also known as wolf hybrids, fell after most countries forbid them as pets.
Fatal attacks by retrievers are rare but rather frequent, including some Labrador Retrievers and Chesapeake Bay Retrievers.
There are also a small number of fatal hound attacks (including Coonhound and two Dachshunds) and terrier attacks (including two of the smallest ratters: West Highland White Terrier and Yorkshire Terrier, which are among the smallest of all dogs). The study also mentions a fatal attack by a cocker spaniel.
University of Texas Health Sciences Center
Researchers at the Department of Surgery at the University of Texas Health Science Center examined data from trauma and emergency surgery centers from a 15-year period. Their findings were published in 2011 in the medical journal Annals of Surgery .
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 1979-1994
The first epidemiological study of dog-bitten deaths in the United States was conducted by epidemiologists with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1977. From 1979 to 1994, dog attacks resulted in 279 human deaths in the United States..
University of Texas Study: 1966-1980
A study conducted at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School identified 74 fatal dog bites during the period 1966-1980 from the news media and medical literature.
The majority of the victims were young children, including 23 babies under 1 year old. In many cases, the dog is owned by the victim's family. There are only 3 incidents that dogs reportedly provoked by kicking, punching, or throwing stones at it. However, some incidents involve a child trying to keep or hug the dog.
In 6 incidents, no information was available about the type of dog involved. In ten fatal attacks, the dogs were only described as "mixed descendants".
Many involved large and powerful breeds: eight Saint Bernards, six terrier bulls, six Great Danes, two Boxers and Rottweiler. In contrast to the time period covered in other studies, the researchers found no fatal attacks associated with pit bulls at all.
The spitz and primitive dogs perform significant minority attacks, mostly sled dogs (nine Husky races and five Malamutes), one Chow Chow and Basenji.
Fatal herding and breeding breeds totaled sixteen, twelve German Shepherd attacks, two collie attacks, and two involving Doberman pinscher.
There are several retriever attacks, including three Golden Retrievers and Labrador, and two attacks by a very small race: one Dachshund, and one Yorkshire Terrier, which is among the smallest of all dogs.
Maps Fatal dog attacks in the United States
Media reports of fatal dog attacks in the United States
Species:
- List of fatal bear attacks in North America
- List of fatal cougar attacks in North America
- List of fatal snake bites in the United States
- List of fatal shark attacks in the United States
- List of fatal alligator attacks in the United States
In other countries:
- A fatal dog attack in Canada
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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